The role of adiponectin in lipid profile of adults with obesity: Implications for cardiovascular health

Obesity is a global health issue closely associated with metabolic disturbances, including dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular diseases. Adiponectin, a hormone secreted by adipose tissue, plays a crucial role in regulating lipid and glucose metabolism, offering protective benefits against conditions such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. In individuals with obesity, adiponectin levels are typically reduced, which contributes to unfavorable lipid profiles characterized by elevated triglycerides (TG) and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). This article explores how adiponectin influences lipid metabolism, with a focus on its impact on HDL-C and TG levels in obesity. Adiponectin enhances HDL-C formation through increased apo-AI production and activates lipoprotein lipase to promote triglyceride catabolism. Additionally, adiponectin's anti-inflammatory properties help mitigate the metabolic disturbances accompanying obesity. By elucidating these mechanisms, the article underscores the potential of adiponectin as a therapeutic target for managing obesity-related dyslipidemia and reducing cardiovascular risks in obese individuals.