Antibiotic resistance phenotypes of different species belonging to Staphylococcus genus isolated at the China-Guinea Friendship Hospital of Kipé in Conakry

Introduction: Staphylococcal infections constitute a worldwide public health problem, particularly in hospitals. This is a retrospective study from July 1, 2012 to December 31, 2016 carried out at the Biomedical Laboratory of the China-Guinea Friendship Hospital (HASIGUI) in Kipé/Conakry. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance phenotypes of species of the genus Staphylococcus isolated from various biological secretions. 

Material and methods: A total of 226 strains belonging to genus of Staphylococcus isolated from 226 patients were studied. Cultures were made on agar media. Bacterial identifications and antibiograms were done by Vitek2 automated system and by the API method (bioMérieux France). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined by Vitek 2 Compact. Results: Male were predominant and sex ratio (Male/Female) was 1.45. The mean age of the patients was 47.5% ± 21years [1-91years] and the most prominent age group (34.51%) was 60 years and over. The majority of staphylococci were isolated from urine (68.58%), pus (13.72%). Vaginal secretions (5.75%) and semen (5.31%). Fifteen Staphylococcus species were identified with a predominance of Staphylococcus aureus (26.11%), followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis (15.49%), Staphylococcus xylosus (15.04%), Staphylococcus haemolyticus (13.72%). The majority of strains were sensitive to nitrofurantoin (97.10%), tobramycin (92.86%), moxifloxacin (92.75%), tigecycline (91.30%) and gentamicin (85.51%), ciprofloxacin (73.85%), quinupristin/dalfopristin (75.36%) levofloxacin (53.62%). On the other hand, the majority of these strains were resistant to benzylpenicillin (98.55%), to the combination trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (81.16%), oxacillin (79.71%) and tetracycline (78.26%), erythromycin (62.32%), clindamycin (62.32%), rifampicin (62.32%) and vancomycin (62.32%). 

Conclusion: All of these results show that many species of the genus Staphylococcus are involved in human infections, sometimes with multidrug resistance to many families of antibiotics.