Profile of patients with epidermal necrolysis at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya Period 2021-2023

Epidermal necrolysis, encompassing Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS), SJS-TEN overlap, and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN), is a life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction characterized by extensive epidermal and mucosal damage, often induced by specific medications. This study aimed to describe the prevalence, demographic distribution, causative factors, clinical manifestations, SCORTEN scores, comorbidities, management approaches, consultations, and outcomes of epidermal necrolysis patients treated at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, during 2021–2023. A descriptive retrospective method was employed using medical record data. A total of 28 cases were identified, with SJS as the most common type (57%). The majority of patients were aged 36–45 years (21%), female (53.5%), residents of Surabaya (68%), and employed in the private sector (32%). Paracetamol was the most frequent trigger (16%). Skin lesions, particularly macules, were the predominant clinical manifestation (48%), with SCORTEN scores mainly ranging between 0–1 (43%). Sepsis was the most common comorbidity (8.5%), and the primary treatment involved discontinuation of the offending drug (24%). The Department of Internal Medicine was the most frequently consulted (51%), and 57% of patients recovered. In conclusion, most epidermal necrolysis cases were classified as SJS, predominantly affecting middle-aged females, with paracetamol as the leading causative drug. Early identification and prompt withdrawal of the causative medication remain crucial for favorable outcomes.