To study the sleep pattern in the adolescent age group in Raipur District

Introduction: India has the largest adolescent population in the world, and every fifth person is between 10 and 19 years old. Adolescence is the phase between childhood and adulthood it is a dramatic period showing drastic physical and mental change. It is an important time for laying the foundation of good physical and mental health. To analyze the sleeping patterns of adolescents in different high schools, this is a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study survey studies have been conducted throughout the world related to sleep patterns in adolescents, but very few studies have been conducted in Chhattisgarh and almost negligible studies have been reported from Chhattisgarh.

Methodology: A total number of 250 school students from class 9^th to 12^th aged 12 to 19 years were included from different high schools in Raipur. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index is a questionnaire-based method used to access sleep during the past month it is based on seven components of a score each score has a value ranging from 0-3. A value greater than 3 indicates poor quality sleep and a value less than 3 indicates good quality sleep. The seven component scores are 1. Sleep quality, 2. Sleep latency, 3. Sleep duration, 4. Sleep efficiency, 5. Sleep disturbance, 6. Use of sleep medication, 7. Day time dysfunction

Result and Discussion: The mean age of the adolescents included in this study was 15.4 years, and the mean total sleep was 7.5 hours per day. Adolescents of higher Grades had lesser total sleep time (9th=8.5 hours; 10th=7.9 hours; 11th=7.6 hours; 12th=7.4 hours), and more frequent nocturnal awakenings (9th=34.8%; 10th=46.3%; 11th=40.3%; 12th=33.3%). Daytime leg pain (9th=13.2%; 10th=16.7%; 11th=9.7%; 12th= 20.6%), daytime napping (9th=46.2%; 10th=38.2%; 11th=50.2%; 12th=69.8%), and daytime sleepiness (9th=36.4%; 10th=40.1%; 11th=39.3%; 12th=55.6%) increased progressively among higher Grades. Adolescents in higher Grades were more prone to not follow their weekly schedule on weekends. Sleep debt of roughly 1.5 hours per day was seen in all adolescents and progressed with advanced Grades.

Conclusion: Adolescents of higher Grades had lesser sleep time, and frequent awakenings; suffered daytime leg pain, and felt sleepy during the day. These factors suggest increasing sleep deprivation among higher Graders. This study is needed to concrete the need for sleep hygiene and practice mental and emotional programs.