1 Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Gamal Abdel Nasser University, Conakry, Republic of Guinea.
2 Department of Medicine, Chair of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry, PO Box 1147, Republic of Guinea.
3 Biomedical Laboratory of China-Guinea Friendship Hospital, Kipé, Cité des Médecins, Commune of Ratoma 30 BP: 710 Conakry, Republic of Guinea.
4 Clinical Biology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry, PO Box 1147, Republic of Guinea.
5 Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, JDW Referral Hospital, Bhutan.
6 Department of Biology, Education Faculty, Kandahar University, Kandahar, Afghanista.
World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2025, 27(03), 183-191
Article DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2025.27.3.2980
Received on 18 July 2025; revised on 24 August 2025; accepted on 26 August 2025
Introduction: Malaria remains one of the leading causes of medical consultations in the tropics. In Guinea, this disease is primarily caused by Plasmodium falciparum. Objective: To determine the prevalence of malaria in a population.
Material and Methods: This is a prospective study lasting eight months, from October 5, 2022, to May 30, 2023. Diagnostic of malaria was done using microscopy, rapid diagnostic tests, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Results: A total of 4352 people were included in the study, 50% of whom were children under 5 years of age. The rapid diagnostic test (RDT) for malaria was positive for Plasmodium falciparum in 5.10% of cases. The diagnosis of Plasmodium by thick blood smear (SBS) was positive in 5.85% of cases (255/4352), and the thin blood smear allowed the determination of the Plasmodium falciparum species in all SBS-positive cases. The molecular method (PCR) applied to the 255 SBS-positive samples showed the presence of Plasmodium falciparum DNA in 96.47% of the SBS-positive samples (246/255). Extrapolation of PCR results positive for Plasmodium falciparum DNA to all 4352 subjects in the study gave a prevalence of 5.65% (246/4352). DNA prevalence according to age groups after PCR showed that 118 children under 5 years of age (47.96%) were carriers of Plasmodium falciparum DNA compared to 128 individuals over 5 years of age (52.03%) also carriers of Plasmodium falciparum.
Conclusion: The results of this present study showed a significant prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum in the population studied, and malaria diagnosis by microscopy remains the reference method; therefore, the rapid diagnostic test serves as a quicker means of diagnosis and the PCR technique is not usually used routinely because of the generally higher costs of molecular methods.
Prevalence; Plasmodium Falciparum; Antifolate Resistance; Mutations; Republic Of Guinea
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Fassou René Kolié, Abdoulaye Makanéra, Taliby Dos Camara, Peerapan Tan-Aaria, Albert Kolié, Jonas Loua, Antoine Glilengbe Dramou, Bienvenu Salim Camara, Mathieu Lama, Kinley Wangchuk and Asmatullah Usa. Prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum identified in people using microscopy, rapid diagnostic test and PCR in the prefecture of Siguiriya/Guinea. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2025, 27(03), 183-191. Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2025.27.3.2980.
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