Mythical toponym of Biak as a guardian of self and environment

Toponym or place names are cultural heritage that is rich in historical value, mythology, and local wisdom of the community. In the tradition of the Biak people, toponym not only serves as a marker of geographical location but also contains philosophical, religious, and ecological meanings. This research aims to describe the mythical toponym of Biak, analyze its role in safeguarding self (identity and spirituality) and the environment (conservation and ecology). The study employs a qualitative approach using ethnolinguistic and cultural hermeneutics methods. Data were obtained through literature review, interviews with customary leaders, and field observations. The results indicate that the mythical toponyms of Biak functions as a means of cultural education, a reinforcement of ethnic identity, and a social tool in maintaining environmental preservation. The values of local wisdom. what is contained within it can serve as a foundation for cultural preservation as well as an ecological strategy in the face of environmental degradation.