Effects of globalization on horn of African countries: Case study of Benadir region; Somalia

The main focus of this study is to investigate the effect of foreign intervention on domestic politics in Somalia. 

Operation Restore Hope of the United States of America was the first foreign intervention to Somalia after the collapsed of Siyad Barre Regime and ensuing chaos and banditry that has engulfed all part of the country and led demolishment of all State Institution. Disintegration of the State institutions and law and order has taken place on the same time when the Soviet Union collapsed and Warsaw Pact has disintegrated.

 After the collapse of the Siad Barre Regime in 1990’s the multilateral military intervention in Somalia was one of the international community's first major attempts to respond to a dangerous new challenge in the post-cold war era--the problem of state collapse and social disintegration. The international community ignored clear warning signs in Somalia and missed several opportunities to use diplomacy to prevent state collapse. As a result, the destruction of the state became more complete and the difficulties in rebuilding a viable system more demanding (Samater, july 1, 1995). The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of foreign intervention on domestic politics in Somalia a case study south and central in Somalia and the specific objective was 

• To examine the methods and types of foreign intervention.
• To investigate the effect of foreign intervention on domestic politics.
• To find out the relationship between foreign intervention and domestic politics in Somalia.

The research design: In this study, an analytical study design was applied. This study design was descriptive cross-sectional study that was be employing because of it is easy to use as the information collect from respondents was not be require to be reinvestigated over a period of time. In a target population of 105, using a Solvent’s formula the researcher selected a representative sample size of 84 respondents purposively and simple random sampling. And information was gathered from the respondents by use of questionnaires, and an interview, while the quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS version 20, the qualitative data was analyzed using critical content analysis.

The major findings of the study reveal that, direct and main driving force behind the effect of foreign intervention the respondents a selected, 72.6 % of total of the respondents are selected “military intervention” and 4.8% of total of the respondents are selected “economic intervention”, 15.5% of the total respondent are selected “diplomatic intervention” and 7.1% of the total respondent are answered “other”. So that most of the respondent are selected “military intervention” 

 The second findings were 91.7 % (77) of respondents agreed that there was an effect of foreign intervention on Domestic politics, while only 8.3 % (7) showed disagreed that foreign intervention does not have an effect on domestic politics so that most of the respondents agreed there was an effect of foreign intervention on domestic policy. 

Finally finds was shows 60.7 % (51) agree that there is a relationship between foreign intervention and politics while 39.3% (33) disagree saying there is no relationship between the two variables. So that most of the respondent agreed that there is relationship between foreign interventions on domestic policy.

General Recommendations the researcher Recommend to international community to intervention positive way and also have uniform strategy and common interest lasting solution for Somali’s. 

Somali problems can be only solved by Somali as they are because they are prime stockholders. And also to stop the military intervention which was made by frontline countries entering into Somalia without authorization of the Somali government and United Nations like Ethiopia in 2006 and many other times as well as Kenyan tropes in 2012. Failure to do this undermines the sovereignty of Somalia as a nation, and their right to live in peace and harmony with the neighboring countries.