Mitral stenosis: “Persistent valvulopathy”

Mitral stenosis (MR) is essentially of rheumatic origin. AAR remains the predominant cause worldwide, representing a major public health issue in developing countries, while in industrialized countries, the prevalence of MR has decreased thanks to antibiotic prevention. Its clinical presentation has also changed, with an increase in the number of veiled forms, with valvular leaflets that are often rigid and calcified.

Doppler echocardiography provides a precise and comprehensive assessment of MR. It establishes the diagnosis, assesses the severity of the stenosis and its impact on the heart chambers (left atrium and right chambers) and pulmonary circulation . Finally, the feasibility of CMP, which is currently the method of choice when the anatomy is favorable.

In this article, we begin by describing the characteristic anatomical lesions of MR, then move on to methods of ultrasound assessment of its severity, anatomical criteria for accessibility to CMP, evaluation of procedural success and elements of ultrasound monitoring of a patient who has undergone CMP.