Security in the sixth generation cellular networks: A review

The advent of sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks promises unprecedented advancements in speed, latency, and connectivity, enabling futuristic applications such as holographic communication, intelligent edge computing, and ubiquitous AI-driven automation. However, these innovations introduce complex security challenges that must be addressed to ensure the resilience and reliability of 6G networks. This survey paper provides a comprehensive overview of emerging security threats in 6G, including quantum attacks, AI-driven cyber threats, privacy vulnerabilities, and challenges associated with terahertz (THz) communication and massive-scale device connectivity. This paper analyzes analyze existing security frameworks from 5G and discuss their limitations in the 6G era. Furthermore, it explores cutting-edge security solutions such as quantum cryptography, blockchain for decentralized trust, AI-powered threat detection, and secure-by-design architectures. By synthesizing current research trends and future directions, this paper aims to guide researchers, policymakers, and industry stakeholders in developing robust security mechanisms for next-generation wireless networks.